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4 Programming

and output arguments involved in each particular use of the function. The

rank function uses nargin, but does not need to use nargout.

Types of Functions

MATLAB offers several different types of functions to use in your

programming.

Anonymous Functions

An anonym ous function is a simple form of M ATLAB function that does not

require an M-file. It consists of a single MATLAB expression and any number

of input and output arguments. You can define an anonymo us func tion right

at the MATLAB command line, or within an M-file function or script. This

gives you a quick means of creating simple functions without having to create

M-files each time.

The syntax for creating an anonymous function from an expression is

f = @(arglist)express ion

The statement below creates an anonymous function that finds the square of

a number. When you call this function, MATLAB assigns the value you pass

in to variable

x,andthenusesx in th e equation x.^2:

sqr = @(x) x.^ 2;

To execute the sqr function defined above, type

a = sqr(5)

Primary and Subfunctions

All functions that are not anonymous must be defined within an M-file. Each

M-file has a required primary function that a ppears first in the file, and any

number of subfunctions that follow the p rim ary. Primary functions have a

wider scope than subfunctions. That is, primary functions can be invoked from

outside of their M-fi le (from the MATLAB command line or from functions in

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MATLAB POLYSPACE RELEASE NOTES Manuale Utente Pagina 162